Aging Cats: Common Health Concerns to Watch For
Aging is a natural part of life- for us and for our cats. As the years go by, your cat may start to slow down, nap more, or become a little pickier about dinner. These changes are expected, but they can also be signs that your cat’s health needs are shifting.
At Santa Monica Veterinary Group, we’re here to help you navigate this stage with confidence. With the right knowledge and veterinary support, your cat can enjoy their senior years with comfort, dignity, and a few well-earned naps in the sun.
Understanding Senior Cats: Age Is Not a Disease
We typically consider cats to be “senior” by age 7, and “geriatric” by age 10. But age alone isn’t a diagnosis. It’s simply a reminder to keep a closer eye on their health and schedule regular checkups. Senior care is all about catching subtle shifts before they turn into major concerns. It’s not about expecting the worst- it’s about being ready to give your cat the best.
Routine bloodwork, blood pressure checks, and weight monitoring during senior visits can uncover issues you may not notice at home. These early clues help us intervene before small problems become serious.
Arthritis and Degenerative Joint Disease: The Quiet Limp
What it is: Arthritis is the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the joints, leading to pain and inflammation. Over time, this can progress to degenerative joint disease (DJD), making movement stiff and painful.
Common causes: Age-related wear and tear, joint injuries, obesity, or genetics.
Signs to watch for:
- Reluctance to jump onto furniture
- Stiffness after sleeping
- Reduced grooming, especially around the back end
- Irritability when touched
Treatment and management:
- Pain control medications
- Joint supplements
- Weight management
- Soft bedding, ramps, and easy-access litter boxes
Cats are especially skilled at hiding pain, so don’t assume they’re just “getting old.” Subtle signs are often worth investigating.
Learn more: Arthritis and Degenerative Joint Disease in Cats
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A Common, Serious Concern
What it is: CKD is a progressive loss of kidney function. As the kidneys fail to filter waste effectively, toxins build up in the bloodstream.
Why it matters: CKD is one of the most common chronic illnesses in older cats and often goes unnoticed in its early stages.
Signs to watch for:
- Increased thirst and urination
- Weight loss
- Decreased appetite
- Vomiting
- Lethargy
- Bad breath with a chemical smell
Diagnosis and treatment: Diagnosis is based on blood and urine tests. While there’s no cure, CKD can be managed with prescription diets, subcutaneous fluids, and medications to reduce nausea or control blood pressure.
More information: Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats
Hyperthyroidism: When the Metabolism Goes into Overdrive
What it is: A condition where the thyroid gland produces too much hormone, usually due to a benign tumor.
Symptoms:
- Weight loss despite increased appetite
- Hyperactivity or restlessness
- Increased thirst and urination
- Vomiting and diarrhea
- Rapid heart rate
Treatment options:
- Daily medication (e.g., methimazole)
- Radioactive iodine therapy (a one-time, curative option)
- Surgery to remove the gland
- Prescription diets with restricted iodine
Left untreated, hyperthyroidism can lead to heart disease, high blood pressure, and serious strain on the kidneys.
Further reading: Feline Hyperthyroidism Guidelines
Diabetes Mellitus: Sweet Symptoms with Serious Consequences
What it is: Diabetes occurs when your cat can’t properly produce or use insulin, resulting in high blood sugar levels.
Symptoms:
- Increased thirst and urination
- Weight loss despite a good appetite
- Lethargy
- A sweet-smelling breath (a sign of ketoacidosis in severe cases)
Diagnosis and treatment: Bloodwork and urinalysis will confirm the diagnosis. Treatment often includes insulin injections and a carefully managed diet.
Daily care and consistency are crucial, but many cats with diabetes live long, happy lives with proper support.
More info: Not So Sweet: Diabetes in Pets
Cancer: Staying Alert to the Unexpected
What it is: Cancer in cats can affect any organ system. Some types are aggressive, while others progress slowly.
Warning signs:
- Unexplained lumps or swellings
- Weight loss
- Poor appetite
- Sudden lameness
- Unusual bleeding or discharge
Diagnosis and options: Early detection through exams, imaging, and biopsies is essential. Treatment varies and may include surgery, chemotherapy, or palliative care.
Don’t assume the worst- some growths are benign. But prompt attention makes all the difference.
Explore more: Types of Cancer in Pets
Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CDS): More Than Forgetfulness
What it is: CDS is similar to dementia in humans and can affect senior cats’ memory and behavior.
Symptoms:
- Disorientation (getting “lost” in familiar areas)
- Changes in sleep patterns
- Increased vocalization
- House soiling
- Reduced interaction with family
Management: Environmental enrichment, puzzle toys, night lights, and certain diets or medications can help keep your cat’s mind sharp and reduce anxiety.
Cats with CDS can still enjoy a good quality of life with a little extra support and patience.
Read more: Signs of Cognitive Decline in Older Pets
Dental Disease: Not Just a Cosmetic Issue
What it is: Dental disease results from plaque and tartar buildup, leading to inflammation, infection, and even systemic illness.
Symptoms:
- Bad breath
- Drooling
- Difficulty eating
- Red or swollen gums
Why it matters: Left untreated, dental disease can cause chronic pain and bacteria may spread to the kidneys, heart, and liver.
Prevention and care: Regular dental checkups, at-home brushing, and professional cleanings are key.
Dental care isn’t just about clean teeth- it’s about protecting your cat’s overall health and keeping them comfortable.
Details: Healthy Mouth, Healthy Pet: Why Dental Care Matters
FAQs About Senior Cat Health
How often should my senior cat visit the vet?
Twice a year is ideal for routine monitoring and early detection of illness.
Is it normal for my cat to slow down with age?
Yes, but don’t dismiss it too quickly. Decreased activity could indicate pain or illness.
What should I feed my senior cat?
Senior-specific diets can help manage weight and support kidney, joint, or thyroid health. Always ask your vet for personalized recommendations.
Your Partner in Senior Cat Care
Helping your cat age well isn’t just about treating disease- it’s about supporting their quality of life every day. Whether you’re noticing something new or just planning ahead, Santa Monica Veterinary Group is here to help. We take pride in guiding pet owners through every life stage with clarity and compassion.
Meet our team or schedule an appointment today. Let’s make these golden years shine.
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