Every pet owner has experienced it – the gentle (or sometimes not-so-gentle!) lick from a beloved pet. While licking is natural, excessive licking can be puzzling and even concerning. At Santa Monica Veterinary Group, we often field questions from pet parents wondering, “Why does my pet lick so much?” Today, let’s delve into why pets lick, what’s considered normal, and when you might want to check in with your veterinarian.

Why Do Pets Lick?

Licking is part of the normal behavior of both dogs and cats. However, if it becomes obsessive, there could be an underlying cause. Here are a few reasons your pet may be licking more than usual:

  • Affection and Bonding: For dogs, licking can be a sign of affection. It’s one of the ways they bond with humans and other pets.
  • Grooming: Cats especially are meticulous groomers, licking themselves to stay clean. But excessive licking could mean they’re overgrooming, which is often a stress response.
  • Exploration: Pets also explore their environment through their mouths. Just as you might observe with puppies and kittens, licking can be part of investigating their world.

So, When Does Licking Become Excessive?

Excessive licking means your pet is licking themselves, objects, or even you at a rate that seems out of the ordinary. Common signs of excessive licking include:

  • Continuous licking of the same spot (often leading to redness, sores, or hair loss)
  • Licking that interrupts other behaviors, like playtime or resting
  • Licking that seems to coincide with stressful events or changes in the environment

Medical Reasons Behind Excessive Licking

Sometimes, excessive licking is a symptom of an underlying health issue. Some of the most common medical causes include:

  1. Allergies: Just as humans can have allergies, pets can suffer from skin allergies due to food, environmental factors, or even seasonal changes. Allergies often lead to itchiness, particularly in the paws, causing pets to lick excessively. Check out our article on managing allergies in pets for more insights.
  2. Pain or Discomfort: Pets may lick specific areas as a response to pain, much like how we might rub a sore spot. Arthritis, injuries, or infections can lead to localized licking.
  3. Infections: Bacterial or fungal infections, particularly in skin folds, are often irritating for pets. If you notice any foul odor, discoloration, or crusting, it could be a sign of infection.
  4. Gastrointestinal Upset: In some cases, licking surfaces (known as “excessive licking of surfaces” or ELS) may be associated with GI distress. Pets may lick objects or floors as a coping mechanism for nausea.

Warning: If you see sores, scabs, or hair loss around the area, it’s time to contact us for a check-up to rule out serious conditions.

Behavioral and Environmental Factors

Beyond health issues, behavior and environmental changes can be major drivers of licking. Here’s a breakdown:

  • Stress and Anxiety: Major changes, like moving to a new home or adding a family member (whether human or another pet), can stress animals. Dogs with separation anxiety often lick themselves or objects around them to self-soothe.
  • Boredom: Pets need physical and mental stimulation. Without enough exercise, dogs and cats may turn to repetitive behaviors like licking.
  • Attention-Seeking: Some pets learn that licking prompts attention. If they receive attention (positive or negative) every time they lick, they may keep doing it.

Preventive Tips for Managing Behavior-Driven Licking:

  • Interactive Toys: Enrichment toys, like treat-dispensing balls, help reduce boredom. For cats, consider puzzle feeders that engage their hunting instincts.
  • Regular Exercise: Daily play sessions and walks are not just good for your pet’s health but are also an important aspect of reducing anxiety-driven behaviors.
  • Routine and Consistency: Pets thrive on a predictable routine. Try to keep feeding, walking, and playtime schedules consistent, which can help reduce anxiety.

How to Address and Prevent Excessive Licking

Dealing with excessive licking may involve multiple strategies, depending on the underlying cause. Here are some steps you can take:

Veterinary Interventions

Regular vet visits help catch health problems early before they become severe. Preventive care like vaccinations, routine exams, and parasite prevention play a big role in keeping your pet’s skin and coat healthy. At Santa Monica Veterinary Group, we provide comprehensive wellness exams to assess and address any underlying health conditions.

At-Home Tips to Curb Excessive Licking

  1. Use Distractions: When you notice your pet licking, try redirecting them with a favorite toy or treat.
  2. Provide Soothing Solutions: Products like calming pheromone sprays or plug-ins may help reduce stress-related licking. (Always consult with your vet before trying new products.)
  3. Training: If your dog tends to lick when seeking attention, ignore the behavior until they stop. Over time, they will learn that licking isn’t an effective way to get your attention.

When to See the Vet

So, when should you worry about excessive licking? Here are a few signs that indicate it’s time to call the vet:

  • Visible sores, bleeding, or infection: Persistent licking leading to open wounds or infections requires immediate attention.
  • Behavior changes: If your pet starts licking obsessively or suddenly changes their behavior, there could be an underlying health issue.
  • Failed attempts to curb the behavior: If you’ve tried redirection, toys, and more enrichment, but the licking persists, consult a professional.

Quick Tip: If you’re unsure, always err on the side of caution and schedule an appointment. Our team at Santa Monica Veterinary Group is here to help you address any concerns and get to the bottom of your pet’s behavior.

While a little licking is normal, excessive licking can point to medical, behavioral, or environmental issues that need addressing. From allergies to anxiety, understanding the “why” behind the licking is key to ensuring your pet’s happiness and health. At Santa Monica Veterinary Group, we’re here to help you and your pet every step of the way. Remember, if you’re ever in doubt, don’t hesitate to reach out to us!

Together, we can help your pet live a comfortable, happy life – free from excessive licking.